Endophthalmitis and COVID-19: A Narrative Literature Review

Endophthalmitis is a severe form of intraocular inflammation which caused by bacteria or fungi. It medical emergency with an imminent threat to vision and permanent structural functional complications. The condition affects the anterior posterior segments eye. may be either exogenous – following penetrating trauma surgery, endogenous, in pathogens enter eye hematogenous. diagnosis based on clinical picture specialized testing aqueous and/or vitreous cultures, without additional PCR for panbacterial panfungal primers. If endogenous endophthalmitis suspected, blood urine cultures also performed. most common bacterial acute postoperative belong Staphylococcus Streptococcus groups. Endogenous frequently fungal Candida. incidence post-traumatic ranges from 0.9 17% - 0.016 5.7%, depending surgical procedure geographic location. has been observed up 8% all cases. Therapy urgent include intravitreal medications pars plana vitrectomy (PPV), according Vitrectomy Study criteria. combination COVID-19-associated pneumonia, systemic corticosteroid therapy, diabetes appear risk factors endophthalmitis. ethology mostly linked infections, especially Candida, as pre-COVID-19 era. There tendency perform PPV primary procedure, but results have mixed.